NEOIMPRESSIONISM

The term of "Neoimpressionism" is an art movement which emerged in 19th century in France and spread to the Europe. It was coined by French art critic Félix Fénéon in 1886 to describe an art movement founded by Georges Seurat. Seurat’s greatest masterpiece, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, marked the beginning of this movement when it first made its appearance at an exhibition of the Société des Artistes Indépendants in Paris. Around this time, the peak of France’s modern era emerged and many painters were in search of new methods and French painter's like Seurat, Sİgnac , did their work by inspiring science of phisics. In 1878 Helmotz and in 1881 Rood discovered that the beam changes the perception of the eye. According to their research, if transverse colors is used at the same time, they both seems more bright and strengthened each others' visual effect. For example, when red and blue come together, the toile was seen both red-blue and purple, and thus brightness level of the purple increase. Stemming from these facts, the terms of pointiism, chromoluminarism and divisionism which are the technics of neo-impressionist painting emerged.

 POINTILISM: Pointillism  based on the scientific juxtaposition of touches or dots of pure color . The brain blends the colors automatically in the involuntary process of optical mixing . Pointillism comes under this heading and relates to a group of artists who where experimenting with primary colour applied in dots or small strokes in order to express form without using what they saw as the traditional limitation of drawing. In fact the complex and time-consuming process had its own limitations.

CHROMOLUMINARISM: was a term preferred by Georges Seurat. It emphasized the studies of color and light which were central to his artistic style. This term is rarely used today.

DIVISIONISM: which is more commonly used, is often used interchangeably with the official term, “neo-impressionism.” It refers to the method of applying individual strokes of primary colors.

CHARACTERISTICS OF NEO-IMPRESSIONISM

 -Tiny dots of local color.
 -Clean, clear contours around the forms.
 -Luminescent surfaces.
 -A stylized deliberateness that emphasizes a decorative design.
 -An artificial lifelessness in the figures and landscapes.
 -Painted in the studio, instead of outdoors like the Impressionists.
 -Carefully ordered and not spontaneous in its technique and intention.
 -Subjects about contemporary life and landscapes.

Best Known Artists And Their Best Works:
 Georges Seurat :

1884 – 1886

 Paul Signac :

Le Palais des Papes, Avignon, 1900

 Camille Pissarro :

1889

Henri Matisse:

1904